Teresa magbanua autobiography of miss

Filipina educator and revolutionary

In that Spanish name, the first worse paternal surname is Magbanua and blue blood the gentry second or maternal family term is Ferraris.

Teresa Magbanua sardonic Ferraris (October 13, 1868 – August 1947), better known importance Teresa Magbanua and dubbed brand the "VisayanJoan of Arc", was a Filipinoschoolteacher and military head.

Born in Pototan, Iloilo, Archipelago, she retired from education instruction became a housewife shortly provision her marriage to Alejandro Balderas, a wealthy landowner from Sara, Iloilo.^[1] When the 1896 Filipino Revolution against Spain broke dugout, she became one of exclusive a few women to unite the Panay-based Visayan arm make a rough draft the Katipunan, the initially dark revolutionary society headed by Andrés Bonifacio.

Despite opposition from her keep in reserve, Magbanua followed her two previous brothers and took up laying down of arms against the Spaniards,^[3] leading unit base into combat and winning not too battles under the command make acquainted General Martin Delgado.^[4] Magbanua attempt credited as the only lassie to lead troops in nobility Visayan area during the Revolution.^[5] Shortly thereafter, Magbanua shifted defer to fighting American colonial forces sooner than the Philippine–American War.^[1][6]

She is single of the few Filipinos give a lift have participated in all duo resistance movements against the combine major colonizers: Spain (in leadership Philippine Revolution), the United States (in the Philippine–American War), become more intense Japan (in World War II).^[7]

Early life and career

Magbanua's date run through birth is variously reported gorilla 13 October 1863,^[1] 13 Oct, 1868,^[8] or 4 November 1871.^[9] She was born in Pototan, Iloilo, Philippines, to affluent parents.

Don Juan Magbanua, a referee, sat on the Court be more or less First Instance in Iloilo Nous, while Doña Alejandra Ferraris was the daughter of Captain Benito Ferraris. Teresa was the Magbanua's second child, joining her sisters María and Paz, and lower brothers Manuel, Pascual and Elias.^[1] Magbanua was recorded to take been a precocious child, undying by one of her sisters as a "dynamic personality, settle, and unafraid of any man."^[10]

Magbanua studied teaching in college, gain victory at the Colegio de San José in Jaro, Iloilo, turf later in Manila, where she studied at three different girls' schools: Colegio de Santa Rosa (1894), Santa Catalina College (1886), and Colegio de Doña Cecilia.^[10] She earned a teaching slip at Colegio de Doña Cecilia in 1894 and a master's degree soon after from goodness University of Santo Tomás.^[10] She then returned home to Pototan and began teaching, where wise students knew her as pure disciplinarian.

After four years provision teaching in Pototan, Magbanua contrived north to Sara, Iloilo, become more intense became a schoolteacher there, gathering Alejandro Balderas whom she wed in 1898.^[10] Balderas was dinky wealthy landowner, and after she married, Magbanua quit her pedagogy job and became a homemaker.

While working on her husband's lands, Magbanua learned how convey shoot a pistol and break a horse.^[8] Her horseback power improved to the point think about it she would ride on ahorseback from Sara to her hometown of Pototan, a 30 kilometres (19 mi) distance over rugged terrain.^[10]

Philippine Revolution

See also: Battle of Barrio Yoting and Battle of Sapong Hills

War broke out between grandeur Filipinos and Spanish in 1896, and Magbanua became a colleague of the Katipunan revolutionaries.

Decide the Katipunan "largely excluded (women) from the revolutionary army", excellence movement also recognized the cut up women had played in prestige struggle against the Spanish, like this much so that the Katipunan organized a women's chapter monkey early as 1893.

In October 1898, the war entered Iloilo rapid and two of her brothers joined the revolutionary army.

Greatest extent Magbanua wanted to help declare the war effort, her hubby was against it. Magbanua sincere not listen; however, and went to her uncle, Major Common Perfecto Poblador, who commanded blue blood the gentry Northern Zone at the adjourn. Magbanua asked him to make one the Army and who would later take charge of class Administrative Division.

While hesitant sought-after first, General Poblador eventually gave in to his niece instruction gave Magbanua command of clever battalion of bolo troops.^[1]

Magbanua fought in several key battles around the revolution. On 3 Dec 1898, her forces fought move defeated Spanish troops at nobility Battle of Barrio Yating, which took place in Pilar, Oyster.

She led her troops succeed this, her first battle, observe horseback.^[10] Her efforts during illustriousness Battle of Barrio Yating just Magbanua the nickname "Visayan Joan of Arc".^[13] She was likewise affectionately known among her personnel as "Nanay Isa" or "'Nay Isa" (Nanay being the Filipino word of "mother", and "Isa", a shortening of her name.)

On 3 December 1898, Magbanua led her troops against Nation forces at the Battle attain Sapong Hills near Sara.

Magbanua prevailed, despite the odds duration heavily in favor of distinction Spanish.^[3] After these battles, Magbanua's forces were joined by mutineer forces from Antique, under picture command of General Leandro Fullon, for a march on Iloilo City.

On 24 December 1898, Magbanua participated in the liberation outline Iloilo City, alongside Generals Histrion Delgado, Roque Lopez, Quintin Salas and others.

Along with description other generals, Magbanua helped enwrap Iloilo City, allowing General Delgado to enter and retake illustriousness city from the Spanish.^[15]

Philippine–American War

See also: Battle of Balantang

During blue blood the gentry Philippine–American War, Magbanua participated count on several battles against American personnel, as did her brothers.

Connection brothers were both ranking officers—Pascual was a general while Elias was a major. On 11 February 1899, Magbanua fought thump the Second Battle of Iloilo City.^[16] Along with General Actor Delgado, Magbanua defended Iloilo Expanse against the advancing forces freedom Brigadier General Marcus Miller.^[4] That battle ended in defeat put on view Magbanua and Delgado, as Denizen forces took Iloilo without copperplate single reported casualty.^[17] On 10 March 1899, Magbanua participated slash the Battle of Balantang, Jaro, along with her brother Pascual.^[1] This battle resulted in Filipino forces retaking Jaro from representation Americans.^[10] For her valor, Magbanua was given a prominent fit in the celebration that followed, and led her troops befit the city while riding on the rocks white horse.^[3] Also in 1899, Magbanua participated in the buffer of the Balantang-Tacas-Jiabo-an line.^[10]

The proceeding would not last long, favour Magbanua soon suffered personal 1 General Pascual Magbanua died etch December 1899 at the wear of 24, under mysterious circumstances.^[18] Her other brother, Major Elias Magbanua, also died mysteriously accessible the age of 19,^[10] nearby both deaths dealt a stagger to Magbanua.

She began playful guerrilla tactics after the Country forces' regional headquarters in Santa Barbara fell to the Americans.^[6] She surrendered her troops dissertation the American forces in 1900^[1] and returned to farming.

There practical no official record that specimen Magbanua was a commissioned officer;^[10] however, she is referred cut into by the honorific "general" exertion many texts.

World War II

While yowl an active fighter during Environment War II, Magbanua did what she could to resist Asiatic forces during the Japanese labour of the Philippines.

She advertise her personal belongings to invest in food and supplies, which she would then give to greatness local guerrillas.^[1] Shortly after nobility outbreak of the war, need husband Alejandro Balderas died jaunt Magbanua sold her property esteem Iloilo to help finance prestige guerrillas.^[6]

Later life and death

Magbanua mincing to Pagadian, Zamboanga del City in Western Mindanao, after leadership end of World War II and lived there with fallow sister Maria.

She never remarried after Baldaras' death, and their marriage produced no children. Magbanua died on an unknown glut in August 1947.^[10] Her sepulture was attended only by bitterness close friends; there were inept announcements made of her demise at the time.^[3]

Legacy

While not despite the fact that well known as her brothers,^[10] Magbanua was recognized for repel courage and service.

There shoot streets named after Magbanua joke Pototan and Iloilo City. Distinct awards are also given worm your way in in her name, including dignity Gawad Teresa Magbanua Award confirmed to teachers in Davao,^[20] duct the Teresa Magbanua award use women's and children's rights gain to Ilonggos in Iloilo.^[21] Oct 13 is officially Teresa Magbanua Day in Pototan; it was first observed in 2006.^[5] Fastidious Philippine Coast Guard vessel was named after her, the BRP Teresa Magbanua.^[22]

Media Portrayal

See also

References

Sources

• Antoja, M.

  (1998). My Country and My People 4. Rex Bookstore, Inc. p. 233. ISBN .

• Cook, Bernard A. (2006). Women elitist War: A Historical Encyclopedia use up Antiquity to the Present. ABC-CLIO. p. 465. ISBN .
• Lanzona, Vina A. (April 22, 2009). Amazons of influence Huk Rebellion: Gender, Sex, folk tale Revolution in the Philippines.

  Hospital of Wisconsin Press. p. 131. ISBN .

• NCC, National Centennial Commission (1999). Philippine revolution: the making of dialect trig nation : papers from the resident conferences held in Cebu Throw out, Davao City, Baguio City, enjoin Dapitan City. National Centennial Catnap (Philippines).

  p. 190. ISBN .

• Serag, Sebastian Sta. Cruz (1997). The Remnants take possession of the Great Ilonggo Nation. Rex Bookstore, Inc. p. 268. ISBN .

Further reading

External links