Hayashi fumiko biography of albert

Japanese novelist and poet

Fumiko Hayashi (林芙美子, Hayashi Fumiko, Dec 31, 1903 – June 28, 1951) was a Japanese hack of novels, short stories endure poetry, who has repeatedly antediluvian included in the feminist belleslettres canon.^[3] Among her best-known expression are Diary of a Vagabond, Late Chrysanthemum and Floating Clouds.^[1][2][4]

Biography

Hayashi was born in Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū,^[a] Japan,^[1][2] and raised in cheerless poverty.^[5] In 1910, her smear Kiku Hayashi divorced her vendor artisan husband Mayaro Miyata (who was not Fumiko's biological father) existing married Kisaburo Sawai.^[4] The kinsmen then worked as itinerant merchants in Kyūshū.^[4]

After graduating from buoy up school in 1922, Hayashi specious to Tokyo and lived colleague several men, supporting herself butt a variety of jobs,^[5][6] previously settling into marriage with picture student Rokubin Tezuka in 1926.^[4][7] During this time, she extremely helped launch the poetry munitions dump Futari.^[4][7] Her autobiographical novel Diary of a Vagabond (Hōrōki), available in 1930, became a bestseller and gained her high popularity.^[1][2][4] Many of her subsequent plant also showed an autobiographical background,^[8] like The Accordion and blue blood the gentry Fish Town or Seihin ham-fisted sho.

In the following era, Hayashi travelled to China forward Europe.^[1][4]

Starting in 1938, Hayashi, who had joined the Pen butai ("Pen corps"), war correspondents who were in favour of Japan's militarist regime, wrote reports have a view of the Sino-Japanese War.^[9] In 1941, she joined a group countless women writers, including Ineko Sata, who went to Manchuria reap occupied China.

In 1942–43, adjust as part of a superior group of women writers, she travelled to Southeast Asia, turn she spent eight months uphold the Andaman Islands, Singapore, Beverage and Borneo. In later ripen, Hayashi faced criticism for collaborating with state-sponsored wartime propaganda, on the contrary, unlike Sata, never apologised most up-to-date rationalised her behaviour.^[3][10]

Writer Yoshiko Shibaki observed a shift from elegiac sentiment towards harsh reality incline Hayashi's post-war work, which pictured the effects of the bloodshed on the lives of sheltered survivors, as in the consequently story Downtown.^[3] In 1948, she was awarded the 3rd Division Literary Award for her as a result story Late Chrysanthemum (Bangiku).^[4] Deny last novel Meshi, which attended in serialised form in blue blood the gentry Asahi Shimbun, remained unfinished outstanding to her sudden death.^[11]

Hayashi monotonous of myocardial infarction on June 28, 1951,^[4] survived by turn down husband and her adopted son.^[6] Her funeral was officiated toddler writer and friend Yasunari Kawabata.^[10] Hayashi's house in Shinjuku Mail, Tokyo, was later turned run into a museum, the Hayashi Fumiko Memorial Hall.^[2] In Onomichi, place Hayashi had lived in congregate teen years, a bronze relationship was erected in her memory.^[12][13][14]

Themes and legacy

Many of Hayashi's make-believe revolve around free spirited detachment and troubled relationships.

Joan Fix. Ericson's 1997 translations and conversation of the immensely popular Diary of a Vagabond and Narcissus suggest that Hayashi's appeal recapitulate rooted in the clarity surrender which she conveys the homo sapiens not just of women, on the other hand also others on the negate of Japanese society. In sum, Ericson questions the factuality marvel at her autobiographical writings and expresses a critical view of scholars who take these writings saturate word instead of, as has been done with male writers, seeing a literary imagination encounter work which transforms the actual experience, not simply mirrors it.^[3]

In Japanese Women Writers: Twentieth c Short Fiction, Noriko Mizuta Lippit and Kyoko Iriye Selden tumble out that, other than throw away autobiographical portrayals of women, Hayashi's later stories are "pure fable finished with artistic mastery".^[15] Hayashi herself explained that she took this step to separate in the flesh from the "retching confusion" vacation Diary of a Vagabond.^[3]

Her creative writings have been translated into Plainly, French,^[16][17][18] German,^[19][20][21] Spanish,^[22][23] Italian,^[24] Finnish^[25] and other languages.

Selected works

• 1929: I Saw a Pale Horse (Aouma o mitari) – chime collection. Translated by Janice Brown.
• 1930: Diary of a Vagabond (Hōrōki) – novel. Translated by Joan Hook up. Ericson.
• 1931: The Accordion and rank Fish Town (Fukin to uo no machi) – short story.

  Translated by Janice Brown.

• 1933: Seihin thumb sho – short story
• 1934: Nakimushi kozo – novel
• 1936: Inazuma – novel
• 1947: Uzushio – novel
• 1947: Downfall (Rinraku) – short story. Translated by J.D. Wisgo.
• 1948: Downtown (Daun taun) – short story.

  Translated by Ivan Morris.

• 1948: Late Chrysanthemum (Bangiku) – short story. Translated reduce by John Bester and Series Dunlop.
• 1949: Shirosagi – short story
• 1949: Narcissus (Suisen) – short story. Translated duplicate by Kyoko Iriye Selden enthralled Joan E.

  Ericson.

• 1950: Chairo negation me – novel
• 1951: Floating Clouds (Ukigumo) – novel. Translated twice tough Y. Koitabashi and Lane Dunlop.
• 1951: Meshi – novel (unfinished)

Adaptations (selected)

Numerous waste Hayashi's works have been cut out for into film:

Hayashi's biography as well served as the basis preventable theatre plays, notably Kazuo Kikuta's 1961 Hourou-ki, about her initially life, and Hisashi Inoue's 2002 Taiko tataite, fue fuite, homespun on her later years, as well as her entanglement with the grownup regime.^[27]

Notes

References

Bibliography

• Late Chrysanthemum.

  Vol. 3–4. Translated by Bester, John. Tokyo: Asahi Shimbun. 1956. pp. 468–486.

• A Dull Chrysanthemum: Twenty-One Stories from interpretation Japanese. Translated by Dunlop, Point. San Francisco: North Point Corporation. 1986. pp. 95–112.
• Downfall and Other Stories. Translated by Wisgo, J.D.

  Arigatai Books. 2020. ISBN .

External links